Yarn



April 18, 1939. A. zr-:NoRlNl YARN Filed Aug. 5, 1937 Cri Patented Apr. 18, 1939 UNITED lSTATES PATENT OFFICE YARN Andrew Zenorini, Cliffside, N. J.

Application August 5, 1937, Serial No. 157,479

3 Claims. (Cl. 57-144) This invention relates to improvements in yarn.

One of the objects of this invention is to produce an expansile yarn composed of a decomposable core-strand and an expansible or fluffable covering thread spirally wound thereon.

Another object of my invention is to produce woven, knitted or embroidered fabrics in which expansible covering thread or strands of successive predetermined lengths or sections of the expansile yarn between holding threads may be released by decomposing the core-strands and said sections of expansile yarn may be grouped to provide a raised, fluffed or pile surface which may be positioned in relation to a fabric to produce designs of any suitable type and composed either of rectilinear or curved lines.

Still another object of my invention is to provide, with such expansile yarn, a stitched fabric in which the expansile yarn will be sewn at predetermined spaced rows of holding stitching and the expansile yarn threads will be severed between the holding threads to cause the ends to be fiuffed out and to provid'e piling for chenille or candlewick.

Still another object of my invention is to produce an embroidered fabric in which expansile yarn will be embroidered on a base fabric and held by continuous holding threads extending along the opposite face of the fabric and passing through said base fabric to fasten Said eX- pansile ornamental yarn and said yarn will be severed to produce an embroidered chenille or candlewick which will be of a character superior to the conventional chenille or candlewick product produced on conventional sewing machines or by hand because the holding threads on the opposite face of the embroidered fabric will provide for a more secure fastening of the chenille or candlewick piling to the fabric.

With these and other objects in view, the invention comprises the combination of members and arrangement of parts so combined as to co-act and co-operate with each other in the performance of the functions and the accomplishment of the results herein contemplated, and comprises in one of its adaptations the species or preferred form illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which:

Fig. l is a view in elevation of a piece of expansile yarn wound about a decomposable core in accordance with my invention;

Fig. 2 is a view in plan of a fragmentary piece of fabric showing my improved yarn embroidered into a design before being subjected to the core-decomposing process, and Fig. 2a shows the stitching on the reverse side of the fabric;

Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2

showing opposite sides of the embroidered fabric illustrated in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a fragmental piece of fabric similar to Fig. 2 after the embroidered yarn has been subjected to a core-decomposing process;

Fig. 5 is a section on the line 5-5 of Fig. 4 looking in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 6 is a view in plan of a fragment of fabric showing my improved yarn formed into a circular design;

Fig. 7 is a view in plan of a piece of fabric similar to Figs. 2 and 4 in which the expansile embroidered yarn section has been severed intermediate the holding stitches (on the straight lines shown in Fig. 4) to provide piling;

Figs. 8 and 8a are enlarged sections on the line 8-8 of Fig. 7 showing the pile formed by embroidering of expansile yarn and severing of such yarn as illustrated in Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 is a View in plan of a fragment of fabric in which the warp threads are composed of my improved expansile yarn and which fabric is embroidered with a non-expansile embroidery yarn; and

Fig. 10 is a section on the line lll- I0 of Fig. 9 looking in the direction of the arrows.

Referring now to the drawing which illustrates a preferred embodiment of my invention, l indicates a piece of expansile yarn comprising a central core-strand or thread 2 surrounded spirally and embraced. or wrapped by an expansible covering thread or strand 3. The covering thread 3 is preferably composed of a series of strands and is preferably thus much thicker and composed of many more strands or fibers than the core member or strand. It will be seen, therefore, that in the covering of a rectilinear section of the core-strand, I utilize a spiral member which will contain covering strands which are many times the length of the core-strand. In other words, I am enabled, in a half inch of the yarn, to wind on the rectilinear core-strand a very considerable yardage of each strand of covering material and when the length of each strand is multiplied by the number of bers contained in the covering thread, it will be seen that I have formed in the expansile yarn a covering thread spiral 3 which, when released, will provide a fluffed surface or a pile or piling, and in the preferred embodiment of my invention, I utilize for the core member or rectilinear strand, a material, such as pure silk, wool or other fibre which may be decomposed after the yarn is Woven, embroidered or knitted into a fabric which will be adapted to have the fiuffed or pile surface in any suitable design. Decomposable material has heretofore been used in lace making and the like and such decomposable material has been decomposed by the use vof caustic soda when it was desired to decompose pure silk, wool or other animal fibre, and heat has been used with or without other chemicals for the purpose of decomposing prepared cotton or other vegetable fibres, but to the best of my knowledge fibres of material so decomposable have never heretofore been used as the core of an expansile yarn nor has such expansile yarn been used for making the fabrics herein specified.

In accordance with the preferred form of my invention, I utilize a core member 2 composed of a pure silk fibre, wind on said core member 2 an expansible, non-decomposable covering thread 3, embroider on a base fabric 4 a suitable design with said expansile yarn as the ornamental embroidering yarn, said fabric being provided with design-edging stitches 5 which necessarily traverse an expansile yarn section of suitable length so as to hold the same to the fabric and form edgings or terminals which will hold or lock the covering threads at suitable predetermined positions and will, when the core thread is decomposed, permit the expansible covering thread 3 whether composed of one or a plurality of fibers, to expand or to be fluffed up and thus to provide a top surface on the fabric which will be raised and fiuffed.

In the preferred form of my invention, the opposite side of the fabric 4 will be provided with the usual embroidery holding threads 5 so that one product produced by my invention will comprise a fabric having continuous embroidery hold- 'ing threads 5 at one side with fiuffable embroidery expansile yarn` l of my invention on the opposite side, and this fluffing of the expansile yarn will occur between holding stitches 5 at suitable positions along the embroidered expansile yarn so soon as the core threads are decomposed. It will be apparent, therefore, that my yarn may be used in embroidery machine-s and that when the embroidered yarn with the decomposable core thread is subjected to a decomposing process, the spiral covering thread intermediate the terminal holding stitches 5 will fluff up and when a series of these expansile yarn threads are disposed alongside of each other, many suitable designs may be made therewith.

Another product comprising what may be termed embroidered chenille may likewise be produced by cutting or severing the expansile yarn sections intermediate the holding stitches 5 as shown at 6 in Figs. 4, 6 and 7, thus providing yarn ends on opposite sides of the holding stitches 5 which will fluff up toward each other to produce a chenille pile as shown at 1 in Figs. 7, 8 and 8a. Fig. 8 shows, at 1, the covering threads 3 released and still in spiral condition while Fig. 8a shows the same after being brushed straight. This type of chenille is more securely held to the 'fabric than the chenille which is made by a sewing machine on which loops are formed and cut. 'Ihis is true because in embroidery, the opposite side of the fabric is provided with continuous holding threads 5 between the rows of vstitches 5, which holding threads remain completely intact, extend continuously across the severed portion and always hold tightly the stitches 5 and lock the embroidered yarn securely in place so that the embroidered and cut yarn or pile can not easily be pulled out of the fabric, whereas, in machine-made chenille each loop can readily be pulled through the cloth unless specially sewed therein subsequent to the sewing or forming of the same by the sewing machine.

Obviously, designs may be formed which will be substantially identical with the conventional candlewick, except that the pile will be held more securely in the fabric.

In accordance with another form of my invention, my improved expansile yarnv may be woven directly into a fabric 8, as shown in Figs. 9 and 10, the expansile yarn being used for the warp threads l0 with Woof threads 9 of nonexpansible material. Such a fabric, when the core threads 2 are decomposed, will provide a roughened fluffed surface such as shown at i0 in Fig. l0. An embroidered design Il may be imposed upon such fabric and thereafter a fabric so embroidered may be subjected to a process for decomposing the core threads in my expansile yarn whereupon the embroidered material will remain unfluffed but the threads of fabric per se by reason of decomposing the destroyable core threads will fluff up and produce intermediate the embroidered design a fluifed, raised portion l0. If desired, the entire Woof threads may also be decomposable to produce a fluffed lace effect.

It will be apparent that many different types of fabric may be produced by the use of my invention and I have heretofore not only produced the above mentioned fabrics but have produced imitation astrakan and, in fact, I am able to produce by the use of my improved expansile yarn and method any fabric which has a raised or fluifed or pile surface, and I have been able to form designs which are fair imitations of astrakan. candlewick, chenille, caracul, chinchilla, and the like.

Having described my invention, I claim:

l. As an article of manufacture, a yarn comprising a strand of decomposable fibrous material and a fluffable strand composed of a relatively non-decomposable fibrous material and comprising a plurality of filaments twisted together and connected with said decomposable strand to retain said filaments of said uffable strand in twisted condition and to provide, in combination with said decomposable strand, a unitary yarn, the filaments of said relatively nondecomposable and fiuffable Strand being capable, upon decomposition of said decomposable strand, of partially untwisting and expanding outwardly to produce a fluffed surface.

2. As an article of manufacture, a yarn comprising an axially-disposed core-strand of destroyable fibrous material and a covering strand composed of a relatively non-decomposable fibrous material and comprising a plurality of fibrous filaments twisted together` and spirallywound on said core-strand, said spirally-wound covering strand being capable, upon decomposition of said core-strand, of partially unwinding and expanding outwardly to produce a fluifed surface.

3. As an article of manufacture, a yarn cornprising an axially-disposed core-strand of destroyable brous material and a covering thread composed of a relatively non-decomposable fibrous material andr comprising a plurality of strands each formed of fibrous filaments twisted together, said covering thread being spirallywound on said core-strand and being capable, upon decomposition of said core-strand, of partially unwinding and expanding outwardly, and the filaments of the strands comprisingsaid covering thread being also capable, upon decomposition of said core-strand, of partially untwisting and expanding outwardly to produce a fluifed surface.

ANDREW ZENORINI. 

